Types of hydro turbine pdf

Connect with others Learn from or share with others connect on Facebook Share what you're doing to help the cause Attend Events. In The News The latest news and updates. Glossary explaining terms, expressions and unusual words. FAQ Questions, answers, action. Document Library All the documents available to download from our website are right here in one place.

Join the team Join the team and help us make a difference. Why we do it Hear from members of the team. Progress We have to have some way of measuring our progress against our goals and this is how we do it. Where We Stand Our thoughts and position on a number of issues related to water power and renewables in general.

Make energy production sustainable. Save the planet The team Meet our staff Awards Our awards and achievements. Vision The future we are trying to achieve. Contact us Have questions? Need support? Give us a call, e-mail us or catch us on Twitter and Facebook. Manufacturing Big. Installation Execution. Site Assessment Measure twice, cut once. Archimedes Screw Generators The technology we use. Net Metering Connections Better than sliced bread for small sites. Micro Hydro Sites Any site with a water drop and flows.

Feed in Tariff Contracts Sell power to others on the grid. Our Processes Absolutely necessary to managing the details. Business Take control of your energy future. Educator Educators are in the best position to start change. Local government It all has to start by acting locally.

This turbine was developed by Austrian inventor Viktor Kaplan in The Francis turbine was the first modern hydropower turbine and was invented by British-American engineer James Francis in A Francis turbine has a runner with fixed blades, usually nine or more.

Water is introduced just above the runner and all around it which then falls through, causing the blades to spin.

Besides the runner, the other major components include a scroll case, wicket gates, and a draft tube. Francis turbines are commonly used for medium- to high-head to 2,foot situations though they have been used for lower heads as well.

Francis turbines work well in both horizontal and vertical orientations. Kinetic energy turbines, also called free-flow turbines, generate electricity from the kinetic energy present in flowing water rather than the potential energy from the head.

The systems can operate in rivers, man-made channels, tidal waters, or ocean currents. Because kinetic systems utilize a water stream's natural pathway, they do not require diversion of water through man-made channels, riverbeds, or pipes, although they might have applications in such conduits. Kinetic systems do not require large civil works because they can use existing structures, such as bridges, tailraces, and channels. An impulse turbine generally uses the velocity of the water to move the runner and discharges at atmospheric pressure.

A water stream hits each bucket on the runner. With no suction on the down side of the turbine, the water flows out the bottom of the turbine housing after hitting the runner.

An impulse turbine is generally suitable for high-head, low-flow applications. The two main types of impulse turbine are Pelton and cross-flow turbines. The Pelton turbine was invented by American inventor Lester Allan Pelton in the s, A Pelton wheel has one or more free jets discharging water into an aerated space and impinging on the buckets of a runner. Pelton turbines are generally used for very high heads and low flows.

Draft tubes are not required for an impulse turbine because the runner must be located above the maximum tailwater to permit operation at atmospheric pressure. There are three types of hydropower facilities: impoundment, diversion, and pumped storage. Some hydropower plants use dams and some do not. Although not all dams were built for hydropower, they have proven useful for pumping tons of renewable energy to the grid. In the United States, there are more than 90, dams, of which less than 2, produce power as of Hydropower plants range in size from small systems suitable for a single home or village to large projects producing electricity for utilities.

Learn more about the sizes of hydropower plants. The most common type of hydroelectric power plant is an impoundment facility. An impoundment facility, typically a large hydropower system, uses a dam to store river water in a reservoir. Water released from the reservoir flows through a turbine, spinning it, which in turn activates a generator to produce electricity.